10 questions · Form 5 Biology Bab 7: Ecosystem
In a food chain consisting of Paddy $ ightarrow$ Grasshopper $ ightarrow$ Frog $ ightarrow$ Snake, which trophic level does the frog occupy?
Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.
1. In a food chain consisting of Paddy $ ightarrow$ Grasshopper $ ightarrow$ Frog $ ightarrow$ Snake, which trophic level does the frog occupy?
Answer: C
Paddy (Producer, 1st level) $ ightarrow$ Grasshopper (Primary consumer, 2nd level) $ ightarrow$ Frog (Secondary consumer, 3rd level).
2. Rafflesia sp. grows on the roots of Tetrastigma vines, absorbing water and nutrients directly from the vine's vascular tissues and causing it harm. What relationship is this?
Answer: A
Rafflesia sp. is an obligate parasite (+/-) extracting nutrients from its host vine to the host's detriment.
3. An epiphytic orchid grows high on a tropical tree branch to access sunlight without taking water or nutrients from the host tree. How is this interaction classified?
Answer: C
Epiphytes gain physical support and light (benefit) without extracting nutrients from or harming the host tree (neutral).
4. Why is approximately 90% of energy lost between adjacent trophic levels in a food chain?
Answer: B
About 90% of energy at each trophic level is lost as heat via cellular respiration, movement, metabolic processes, and undigested waste.
5. Which ecological pyramid is ALWAYS upright and pyramidal in shape, regardless of ecosystem structural anomalies?
Answer: B
The pyramid of energy is always upright because energy is lost continuously as heat at each successive trophic level according to thermodynamic laws.
6. Which term describes localized environmental abiotic conditions inside a small specific area, such as beneath a decaying tree log?
Answer: B
A microclimate represents local physical abiotic conditions inside a microhabitat.
7. What happens to species diversity as ecological succession progresses toward a climax community?
Answer: C
As succession advances toward a climax community, biomass, structural complexity, and species diversity reach maximum stability.
8. Which term describes a group of organisms of the same species living in the same habitat at the same time?
Answer: B
A population is defined as individuals of one species inhabiting a specific area at the same time.
9. What process in the carbon cycle directly removes carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere?
Answer: C
Photosynthesis by green plants and algae is the sole biological process that extracts CO2 directly from the air.
10. A student captured 40 snails in a school garden, marked their shells with waterproof paint, and released them. A week later, 30 snails were captured, of which 6 were marked. What is the estimated population size of snails?
Answer: A
Population = (Number in 1st sample × Number in 2nd sample) / Marked in 2nd sample = 40 × 306 = 12006 = 200.